LDAP-Abschnitt hinzugefügt

aufgabe3.5/base.ldif

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+dn: dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+objectClass: dcObject
+objectClass: organization
+o: Zotac LCTP Gruppe
+dc: zotac
+
+dn: ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+objectclass: organizationalUnit
+ou: users
+
+dn: ou=groups,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+objectClass: organizationalUnit
+ou: groups

aufgabe3.5/first-login

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+echo $EUID
+
+if [[ -z "$PAM_USER" || -d "/home/$PAM_USER" ]]
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+mkdir -p "/home/$PAM_USER"
+chown -R "$PAM_USER" "/home/$PAM_USER"
+chgrp -R "$PAM_USER" "/home/$PAM_USER"
+
+sudo --user "$PAM_USER" /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -N "" -b 521 -f "/home/$PAM_USER/.ssh/id_ecdsa" > /dev/null
+sudo --user "$PAM_USER" /usr/bin/cp /opt/ssh_config "/home/$PAM_USER/.ssh/config"
+cat "/home/$PAM_USER/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub" | sudo --user "$PAM_USER" /bin/tee "/home/$PAM_USER/.ssh/authorized_keys" > /dev/null

aufgabe3.5/ldap-tools/ldap-add-ldif

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# check for root
+if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
+	echo "This script must be run as root" 1>&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+# check for arguments
+if [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; then
+	echo "USAGE: $0 [filename]" 1>&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+SECRET="`cat /etc/ldap.secret`"
+
+if [[ $# -lt 1 ]]
+then
+	ldapadd -D cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp -w "$SECRET"
+else
+	ldapadd -D cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp -w "$SECRET" -f "$1"
+fi
+

aufgabe3.5/ldap-tools/ldap-delete-users

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# check for root
+if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
+  echo "This script must be run as root" 1>&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# check for arguments
+if [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; then
+	echo "USAGE: $0 [filename]" 1>&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+SECRET="`cat /etc/ldap.secret`"
+
+if [[ $# -eq 1 ]]
+then
+	exec < $1
+fi
+
+cd /home
+while read line
+do
+	if [[ -z $line ]]
+	then
+		continue
+	fi
+
+	echo "Deleting user ${line}..."
+
+	ldapdelete -x -w "$SECRET" -D cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp "cn=$line,ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp" >/dev/null
+	ldapdelete -x -w "$SECRET" -D cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp "cn=$line,ou=groups,dc=zotac,dc=lctp" >/dev/null
+
+	[ -d "$line" ] && rm -rf "$line"
+done
+

aufgabe3.5/ldap-tools/ldap-users2ldif

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import sys
+import crypt
+import base64
+import grp
+import pwd
+
+ldif_add = """dn: cn=%(name)s,ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+gidNumber: %(gid)s
+cn: %(name)s
+homeDirectory: /home/%(name)s
+objectClass: inetOrgPerson
+objectClass: posixAccount
+objectClass: shadowAccount
+uidNumber: %(uid)s
+loginShell: /bin/bash
+uid: %(name)s
+userPassword: {CRYPT}%(password)s
+sn: %(name)s"""
+
+ldif_group = """dn: cn=%(name)s,ou=groups,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+objectClass: top
+objectClass: posixGroup
+gidNumber: %(gid)s
+cn: %(name)s"""
+
+if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+    print("Usage: %s <users-file>" % sys.argv[0], file=sys.stderr)
+    exit(1)
+
+users = [pw.pw_name for pw in pwd.getpwall()]
+groups = [gr.gr_name for gr in grp.getgrall()]
+
+last_uid = max([user.pw_uid for user in pwd.getpwall()])
+last_gid = max([user.gr_gid for user in grp.getgrall()])
+
+for line in open(sys.argv[1]).readlines():
+    line = line.strip()
+    user, password = line.split(maxsplit=1)
+
+    if user in users:
+        print("Skipping user %s (multiple occurences or user already existing)" % user, file=sys.stderr)
+        continue
+    if user in groups:
+        print("Skipping group %s (multiple occurences or group already existing)" % user, file=sys.stderr)
+        continue
+
+    users.append(user)
+    groups.append(user)
+
+    print(ldif_add % {
+        "name": user,
+        "password": crypt.crypt(password),
+        "uid": last_uid + 1,
+        "gid": last_gid + 1
+        } + "\n")
+    print(ldif_group % {
+        "name": user,
+        "gid": last_gid + 1
+        } + "\n")
+
+    last_uid += 1
+    last_gid += 1
+

aufgabe3.5/ldap.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#
+# LDAP Defaults
+#
+
+# See ldap.conf(5) for details
+# This file should be world readable but not world writable.
+
+BASE	dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+URI	ldap://zotac0
+TIMEOUT	5
+NETWORK_TIMEOUT 5
+
+#SIZELIMIT	12
+#TIMELIMIT	15
+#DEREF		never

aufgabe3.5/nss_ldap.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+# @(#)$Id: ldap.conf,v 2.49 2009/04/25 01:53:15 lukeh Exp $
+#
+# This is the configuration file for the LDAP nameservice
+# switch library and the LDAP PAM module.
+#
+# PADL Software
+# http://www.padl.com
+#
+
+# Your LDAP server. Must be resolvable without using LDAP.
+# Multiple hosts may be specified, each separated by a 
+# space. How long nss_ldap takes to failover depends on
+# whether your LDAP client library supports configurable
+# network or connect timeouts (see bind_timelimit).
+host zotac0
+
+# The distinguished name of the search base.
+base dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+
+# Another way to specify your LDAP server is to provide an
+# uri with the server name. This allows to use
+# Unix Domain Sockets to connect to a local LDAP Server.
+#uri ldap://127.0.0.1/
+#uri ldaps://127.0.0.1/   
+#uri ldapi://%2fvar%2frun%2fldapi_sock/
+# Note: %2f encodes the '/' used as directory separator
+
+# The LDAP version to use (defaults to 3
+# if supported by client library)
+#ldap_version 3
+
+# The distinguished name to bind to the server with.
+# Optional: default is to bind anonymously.
+#binddn cn=proxyuser,dc=padl,dc=com
+
+# The credentials to bind with. 
+# Optional: default is no credential.
+#bindpw secret
+
+# The distinguished name to bind to the server with
+# if the effective user ID is root. Password is
+# stored in /etc/ldap.secret (mode 600)
+rootbinddn cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+
+# The port.
+# Optional: default is 389.
+#port 389
+
+# The search scope.
+scope sub
+#scope one
+#scope base
+
+# Search timelimit in seconds (0 for indefinite; default 0)
+#timelimit 0
+
+# Bind/connect timelimit (0 for indefinite; default 30)
+#bind_timelimit 30
+
+# Reconnect policy:
+#  hard_open: reconnect to DSA with exponential backoff if
+#             opening connection failed
+#  hard_init: reconnect to DSA with exponential backoff if
+#             initializing connection failed
+#  hard:      alias for hard_open
+#  soft:      return immediately on server failure
+bind_policy soft
+
+# Connection policy:
+#  persist:   DSA connections are kept open (default)
+#  oneshot:   DSA connections destroyed after request
+#nss_connect_policy persist
+
+# Idle timelimit; client will close connections
+# (nss_ldap only) if the server has not been contacted
+# for the number of seconds specified below.
+#idle_timelimit 3600
+
+# Use paged rseults
+#nss_paged_results yes
+
+# Pagesize: when paged results enable, used to set the
+# pagesize to a custom value
+#pagesize 1000
+
+# Filter to AND with uid=%s
+#pam_filter objectclass=account
+
+# The user ID attribute (defaults to uid)
+#pam_login_attribute uid
+
+# Search the root DSE for the password policy (works
+# with Netscape Directory Server)
+#pam_lookup_policy yes
+
+# Check the 'host' attribute for access control
+# Default is no; if set to yes, and user has no
+# value for the host attribute, and pam_ldap is
+# configured for account management (authorization)
+# then the user will not be allowed to login.
+#pam_check_host_attr yes
+
+# Check the 'authorizedService' attribute for access
+# control
+# Default is no; if set to yes, and the user has no
+# value for the authorizedService attribute, and
+# pam_ldap is configured for account management
+# (authorization) then the user will not be allowed
+# to login.
+#pam_check_service_attr yes
+
+# Group to enforce membership of
+#pam_groupdn cn=PAM,ou=Groups,dc=padl,dc=com
+
+# Group member attribute
+#pam_member_attribute uniquemember
+
+# Specify a minium or maximum UID number allowed
+#pam_min_uid 0
+#pam_max_uid 0
+
+# Template login attribute, default template user
+# (can be overriden by value of former attribute
+# in user's entry)
+#pam_login_attribute userPrincipalName
+#pam_template_login_attribute uid
+#pam_template_login nobody
+
+# HEADS UP: the pam_crypt, pam_nds_passwd,
+# and pam_ad_passwd options are no
+# longer supported.
+#
+# Do not hash the password at all; presume
+# the directory server will do it, if
+# necessary. This is the default.
+#pam_password clear
+
+# Hash password locally; required for University of
+# Michigan LDAP server, and works with Netscape
+# Directory Server if you're using the UNIX-Crypt
+# hash mechanism and not using the NT Synchronization
+# service. 
+#pam_password crypt
+
+# Remove old password first, then update in
+# cleartext. Necessary for use with Novell
+# Directory Services (NDS)
+#pam_password nds
+
+# RACF is an alias for the above. For use with
+# IBM RACF
+#pam_password racf
+
+# Update Active Directory password, by
+# creating Unicode password and updating
+# unicodePwd attribute.
+#pam_password ad
+
+# Use the OpenLDAP password change
+# extended operation to update the password.
+#pam_password exop
+
+# Redirect users to a URL or somesuch on password
+# changes.
+#pam_password_prohibit_message Please visit http://internal to change your password.
+
+# Use backlinks for answering initgroups()
+#nss_initgroups backlink
+
+# Enable support for RFC2307bis (distinguished names in group
+# members)
+#nss_schema rfc2307bis
+
+# RFC2307bis naming contexts
+# Syntax:
+# nss_base_XXX		base?scope?filter
+# where scope is {base,one,sub}
+# and filter is a filter to be &'d with the
+# default filter.
+# You can omit the suffix eg:
+# nss_base_passwd	ou=People,
+# to append the default base DN but this
+# may incur a small performance impact.
+nss_base_passwd	ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+nss_base_shadow	ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+nss_base_group	ou=groups,dc=zotac,dc=lctp
+#nss_base_hosts		ou=Hosts,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_services	ou=Services,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_networks	ou=Networks,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_protocols	ou=Protocols,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_rpc		ou=Rpc,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_ethers	ou=Ethers,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_netmasks	ou=Networks,dc=padl,dc=com?ne
+#nss_base_bootparams	ou=Ethers,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_aliases	ou=Aliases,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+#nss_base_netgroup	ou=Netgroup,dc=padl,dc=com?one
+
+# attribute/objectclass mapping
+# Syntax:
+#nss_map_attribute	rfc2307attribute	mapped_attribute
+#nss_map_objectclass	rfc2307objectclass	mapped_objectclass
+
+# configure --enable-nds is no longer supported.
+# NDS mappings
+#nss_map_attribute uniqueMember member
+
+# Services for UNIX 3.5 mappings
+#nss_map_objectclass posixAccount User
+#nss_map_objectclass shadowAccount User
+#nss_map_attribute uid msSFU30Name
+#nss_map_attribute uniqueMember msSFU30PosixMember
+#nss_map_attribute userPassword msSFU30Password
+#nss_map_attribute homeDirectory msSFU30HomeDirectory
+#nss_map_attribute homeDirectory msSFUHomeDirectory
+#nss_map_objectclass posixGroup Group
+#pam_login_attribute msSFU30Name
+#pam_filter objectclass=User
+#pam_password ad
+
+# configure --enable-mssfu-schema is no longer supported.
+# Services for UNIX 2.0 mappings
+#nss_map_objectclass posixAccount User
+#nss_map_objectclass shadowAccount user
+#nss_map_attribute uid msSFUName
+#nss_map_attribute uniqueMember posixMember
+#nss_map_attribute userPassword msSFUPassword
+#nss_map_attribute homeDirectory msSFUHomeDirectory
+#nss_map_attribute shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
+#nss_map_objectclass posixGroup Group
+#nss_map_attribute cn msSFUName
+#pam_login_attribute msSFUName
+#pam_filter objectclass=User
+#pam_password ad
+
+# RFC 2307 (AD) mappings
+#nss_map_objectclass posixAccount user
+#nss_map_objectclass shadowAccount user
+#nss_map_attribute uid sAMAccountName
+#nss_map_attribute homeDirectory unixHomeDirectory
+#nss_map_attribute shadowLastChange pwdLastSet
+#nss_map_objectclass posixGroup group
+#nss_map_attribute uniqueMember member
+#pam_login_attribute sAMAccountName
+#pam_filter objectclass=User
+#pam_password ad
+
+# configure --enable-authpassword is no longer supported
+# AuthPassword mappings
+#nss_map_attribute userPassword authPassword
+
+# AIX SecureWay mappings
+#nss_map_objectclass posixAccount aixAccount
+#nss_base_passwd ou=aixaccount,?one
+#nss_map_attribute uid userName
+#nss_map_attribute gidNumber gid
+#nss_map_attribute uidNumber uid
+#nss_map_attribute userPassword passwordChar
+#nss_map_objectclass posixGroup aixAccessGroup
+#nss_base_group ou=aixgroup,?one
+#nss_map_attribute cn groupName
+#nss_map_attribute uniqueMember member
+#pam_login_attribute userName
+#pam_filter objectclass=aixAccount
+#pam_password clear
+
+# For pre-RFC2307bis automount schema
+#nss_map_objectclass automountMap nisMap
+#nss_map_attribute automountMapName nisMapName
+#nss_map_objectclass automount nisObject
+#nss_map_attribute automountKey cn
+#nss_map_attribute automountInformation nisMapEntry
+
+# Netscape SDK LDAPS
+#ssl on
+
+# Netscape SDK SSL options
+#sslpath /etc/ssl/certs
+
+# OpenLDAP SSL mechanism
+# start_tls mechanism uses the normal LDAP port, LDAPS typically 636
+#ssl start_tls
+#ssl on
+
+# OpenLDAP SSL options
+# Require and verify server certificate (yes/no)
+# Default is to use libldap's default behavior, which can be configured in
+# /etc/openldap/ldap.conf using the TLS_REQCERT setting.  The default for
+# OpenLDAP 2.0 and earlier is "no", for 2.1 and later is "yes".
+#tls_checkpeer yes
+
+# CA certificates for server certificate verification
+# At least one of these are required if tls_checkpeer is "yes"
+#tls_cacertfile /etc/ssl/ca.cert
+#tls_cacertdir /etc/ssl/certs
+
+# Seed the PRNG if /dev/urandom is not provided
+#tls_randfile /var/run/egd-pool
+
+# SSL cipher suite
+# See man ciphers for syntax
+#tls_ciphers TLSv1
+
+# Client certificate and key
+# Use these, if your server requires client authentication.
+#tls_cert
+#tls_key
+
+# Disable SASL security layers. This is needed for AD.
+#sasl_secprops maxssf=0
+
+# Override the default Kerberos ticket cache location.
+#krb5_ccname FILE:/etc/.ldapcache
+

aufgabe3.5/nsswitch.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
+
+passwd: files [!NOTFOUND=return] ldap
+group: files [!NOTFOUND=return] ldap
+shadow: files [!NOTFOUND=return] ldap
+
+publickey: files
+
+hosts: files dns myhostname
+networks: files
+
+protocols: files
+services: files
+ethers: files
+rpc: files
+
+netgroup: files
+
+# End /etc/nsswitch.conf

aufgabe3.5/pam.d/passwd

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#%PAM-1.0
+#password	required	pam_cracklib.so difok=2 minlen=8 dcredit=2 ocredit=2 retry=3
+#password	required	pam_unix.so sha512 shadow use_authtok
+password	sufficient	pam_ldap.so
+password	required	pam_unix.so sha512 shadow nullok

aufgabe3.5/pam.d/su

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#%PAM-1.0
+auth		sufficient	pam_rootok.so
+# Uncomment the following line to implicitly trust users in the "wheel" group.
+#auth		sufficient	pam_wheel.so trust use_uid
+# Uncomment the following line to require a user to be in the "wheel" group.
+#auth		required	pam_wheel.so use_uid
+auth 		sufficient	pam_ldap.so
+auth		required	pam_unix.so
+account		required	pam_unix.so
+session		required	pam_exec.so seteuid log=/tmp/pamexec.log /usr/local/bin/first-login
+session		required	pam_unix.so

aufgabe3.5/pam.d/sudo

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#%PAM-1.0
+auth		required	pam_unix.so
+auth		required	pam_nologin.so
+
+session		required	pam_exec.so seteuid /usr/local/bin/first-login

aufgabe3.5/pam.d/system-auth

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#%PAM-1.0
+
+auth      sufficient pam_ldap.so
+auth      required  pam_unix.so     try_first_pass nullok
+auth      optional  pam_permit.so
+auth      required  pam_env.so
+
+account   required  pam_unix.so
+account   optional  pam_permit.so
+account   required  pam_time.so
+
+password  required  pam_unix.so     try_first_pass nullok sha512 shadow
+password  optional  pam_permit.so
+
+session   required  pam_limits.so
+session   required  pam_unix.so
+session   required  pam_exec.so     /usr/local/bin/first-login
+session   optional  pam_permit.so

aufgabe3.5/slapd.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#
+# See slapd.conf(5) for details on configuration options.
+# This file should NOT be world readable.
+#
+include		/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema
+include		/etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema
+include		/etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema
+include		/etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema
+
+# Define global ACLs to disable default read access.
+
+# Do not enable referrals until AFTER you have a working directory
+# service AND an understanding of referrals.
+#referral	ldap://root.openldap.org
+
+pidfile		/run/openldap/slapd.pid
+argsfile	/run/openldap/slapd.args
+
+# Load dynamic backend modules:
+# modulepath	/usr/lib/openldap
+# moduleload	back_bdb.la
+# moduleload	back_hdb.la
+# moduleload	back_ldap.la
+
+# Sample security restrictions
+#	Require integrity protection (prevent hijacking)
+#	Require 112-bit (3DES or better) encryption for updates
+#	Require 63-bit encryption for simple bind
+# security ssf=1 update_ssf=112 simple_bind=64
+
+# Sample access control policy:
+#	Root DSE: allow anyone to read it
+#	Subschema (sub)entry DSE: allow anyone to read it
+#	Other DSEs:
+#		Allow self write access
+#		Allow authenticated users read access
+#		Allow anonymous users to authenticate
+#	Directives needed to implement policy:
+# access to dn.base="" by * read
+# access to dn.base="cn=Subschema" by * read
+# access to *
+#	by self write
+#	by users read
+#	by anonymous auth
+#
+# if no access controls are present, the default policy
+# allows anyone and everyone to read anything but restricts
+# updates to rootdn.  (e.g., "access to * by * read")
+#
+# rootdn can always read and write EVERYTHING!
+
+access to attrs=userPassword
+	by self		write
+	by anonymous	auth
+	by *		none
+
+access to *
+	by self		write
+	by *		read
+
+#######################################################################
+# BDB database definitions
+#######################################################################
+
+database	bdb
+suffix		"dc=zotac,dc=lctp"
+rootdn		"cn=admin,dc=zotac,dc=lctp"
+# Cleartext passwords, especially for the rootdn, should
+# be avoid.  See slappasswd(8) and slapd.conf(5) for details.
+# Use of strong authentication encouraged.
+rootpw		secret
+# The database directory MUST exist prior to running slapd AND 
+# should only be accessible by the slapd and slap tools.
+# Mode 700 recommended.
+directory	/var/lib/openldap/openldap-data
+# Indices to maintain
+index	objectClass	eq
+index	uid,uidNumber	eq

bericht/abschnitte/sv-ldap.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+\subsection{LDAP}
+
+\begin{sloppypar}
+Wir haben uns für den OpenLDAP-Server entschieden. Dazu haben wir als Basis-{\tt dn}:
+\begin{center}
+{\tt dc=zotac,dc=lctp}
+\end{center} festgelegt.
+Die Benutzer legten wir unter
+\begin{center}
+{\tt dn: ou=users,dc=zotac,dc=lctp},
+\end{center}
+die Gruppen unter
+\begin{center}
+{\tt dn: ou=groups,dc=zotac,dc=lctp}
+\end{center}
+ab. Für den Import dieser {\tt dn}s haben wir eine Datei \texttt{/etc/openldap/base.ldif} (siehe \texttt{aufgabe3.5/base.ldif}) erstellt. An verfügbaren Schemen haben wir \texttt{core, cosine, inetorgperson, nis} eingestellt (siehe \texttt{aufgabe3.5/slapd.conf}).
+
+\end{sloppypar}
+
+\subsubsection{Absicherung und Zugriff}
+
+Wir haben die Zugriffsrechte so konfiguriert, dass jeder Benutzer sein eigenes Passwort ändern, aber niemand das Passwort auslesen darf (darf nur zur Authentifizierung abgerufen werden). Alle anderen Attribute dürfen von allen Users gelesen werden. (siehe {\tt aufgabe3.5/slapd.conf})
+
+Damit auf den Verzeichnisdienst zugegriffen werden kann, haben wir eine Datei {\tt /etc/ldap.secret} mit dem Passwort für den Administrator-Account in LDAP angelegt, die nur durch {\tt root} zugreifbar ist ({\tt chmod 600}).
+
+\subsubsection{Client-Konfiguration (Headnode und Computenode)}
+
+\begin{sloppypar}
+Hierfür haben wir die Variablen {\tt BASE, URI, TIMEOUT, NETWORK\_TIMEOUT} in {\tt /etc/openldap/ldap.conf} entsprechend konfiguriert (siehe {\tt aufgabe3.5/ldap.conf}).
+\end{sloppypar}
+
+\paragraph{nsswitch}
+
+Damit die Standard-Unix-Dienste auf die Benutzer aus LDAP zurückgreifen können, haben wir {\tt /etc/nss\_ldap.conf} entsprechend konfiguriert (siehe {\tt aufgabe3.5/nss\_ldap.conf}), sowie in {\tt /etc/nsswitch.conf} unter {\tt files, shadow, group} jeweils noch {\tt ldap} hinzugefügt (siehe {\tt aufgabe3.5/nsswitch.conf}).
+
+Dabei mussten wir darauf achten, dass in der {\tt nss\_ldap.conf} die Bind-Policy auf {\tt soft} gesetzt wird, da es andernfalls beim Boot zu einer Race-Condition kommen kann, wenn der LDAP-Server noch nicht gestartet ist und das System dennoch versucht, über LDAP User-Daten abzufragen.
+
+\paragraph{PAM}
+
+Um die PAM-Authentifizierung nutzen zu können, haben wir unter {\tt /etc/pam.d} folgende Dateien geändert (siehe Dateien in {\tt aufgabe3.5/pam.d}):
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item {\tt system-auth}:
+\begin{lstlisting}
+	auth      sufficient  pam_ldap.so
+	session   required    pam_exec.so     /usr/local/bin/first-login
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\item {\tt sudo} und {\tt su}:
+\begin{lstlisting}
+	auth      sufficient  pam_ldap.so
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\item {\tt passwd}:
+\begin{lstlisting}
+	password  sufficient  pam_ldap.so
+\end{lstlisting}
+	
+\end{itemize}
+
+\begin{sloppypar}
+Damit ist sichergestellt, dass sich die LDAP-Benutzter authentifizieren können, sowie {\tt sudo} und {\tt su} benutzen und ihr Passwort mit {\tt passwd} ändern können.
+
+Durch die Zeile mit {\tt pam\_exec.so} wird bei jedem Login das Script {\tt first-login} (siehe {\tt aufgabe3.5/first-login}) ausgeführt. Dieses wird generell nur ausgeführt, wenn das Home-Verzeichnis des Nutzers noch nicht existiert.
+
+Das Script erstellt das Home-Verzeichnis des Nutzers, ändert den Besitzer und die Gruppe des Verzeichnisses entsprechend, erzeugt ein Public-Private-Key-Paar für SSH, kopiert eine Beispiel-SSH-Konfiguration in sein Home-Verzeichnis und trägt den eigenen Public-Key in die {\tt authorized\_keys} ein, so dass der Benutzer sich fortan auf allen Nodes einloggen kann.
+\end{sloppypar}
+
+\paragraph{Anlegen und Löschen von Benutzern}
+
+Zum Anlegen und Löschen von Benutzern aus einer Text-Datei (wie in der Aufgabe gefordert) haben wir die Scripte {\tt ldap-users2ldif} (erstellt einen {\tt .ldif} Output anhand der Text-Datei), {\tt ldap-add-ldif} (fügt die im {\tt .ldif} Format vorliegenden Benutzerbeschreibungen zur LDAP-Datenbank hinzu) und {\tt ldap-delete-users} (löscht die in einer Text-Datei aufgelisteten Benutzer aus der LDAP-Datenbank) geschrieben (siehe Dateien in {\tt aufgabe3.5/ldap-tools}).

bericht/abschnitte/sv.tex

@@ -6,4 +6,6 @@
 
 \input{abschnitte/sv-filesystems}
 
-\input{abschnitte/sv-filesystems}
+\input{abschnitte/sv-ldap}
+
+\pagebreak