blog post internet sharing
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layout: post
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title: "Internet sharing (ipv4 and ipv6) on archlinux using dnsmasq"
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date: 2014-02-08 20:02:22 +0100
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comments: true
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categories:
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- arch
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- dhcp
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- ipv6 router advertisement
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---
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A guide to connect with a different machine using a ethernet cable for
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internet sharing or just transferring files:
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1. Install dnsmasq and iproute2
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$ pacman -S dnsmasq iproute2
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2. Copy over the configuration files at the end of the article and edit the
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*/etc/conf.d/share-internet* to match your network setup.
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3. Start the sharing service with systemd
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$ sudo systemctl start internet-sharing.service
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After that the other machine can connect via dhcp. It will get an ipv4
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address from the **10.20.0.0/24** subnet and a ipv6 address from the **fd21:30c2:dd2f::**
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subnet. Your host will be reachable via **10.20.0.1** or **fd21:30c2:dd2f::1**.
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Thanks to ipv6 router advertising, an AAAA record for each host is automatically set based on the hostname.
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This means if your hostname is *foo*, all members of the network can just connect
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to it using the address *foo*. You should disable the share-internet.service, if
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you don't need it. Otherwise you might mess up network setups, if you connect to a
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network with the device on which the dhcp service is running.
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Happy networking!
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{% include_code /etc/conf.d/share-internet lang:bash share-internet/share-internet %}
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{% include_code /etc/systemd/system/share-internet.service lang:ini share-internet/share-internet.service %}
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{% include_code /etc/dnsmasq.conf lang:ini share-internet/dnsmasq.conf %}
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{% include_code /etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp lang:bash share-internet/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp %}
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# google as an upstream dns server
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server=8.8.8.8
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server=8.8.4.4
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no-resolv
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cache-size=2000
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#conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp
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# no need to modify
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# ingoing and outgoing device will be set by the systemd service
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interface=enp0s25
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no-dhcp-interface=wlp3s0
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dhcp-range=10.20.0.100,10.20.0.199,infinite
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dhcp-option=3,10.20.0.1 # router
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dhcp-option=5,10.20.0.1 # dns
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dhcp-option=42,10.20.0.1 # ntp
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dhcp-range=fd21:30c2:dd2f::,ra-stateless,ra-names,infinite
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enable-ra
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# Network device where other hosts are connect to, ex: eth0
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INTERNAL_DEVICE="enp0s25"
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# Device which has internet access, ex: wlan0 or usb0
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EXTERNAL_DEVICE="wlp3s0"
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[Unit]
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Description='share internet'
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[Service]
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Type=oneshot
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EnvironmentFile=/etc/conf.d/share-internet
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RemainAfterExit=yes
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/sed -ie 's!^#conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq\.conf\.dhcp!conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp!' /etc/dnsmasq.conf
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/sed -ie 's/^interface=[[:alnum:]]+/interface=$INTERNAL_DEVICE/' /etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/sed -ie 's/^no-dhcp-interface=[[:alnum:]]+/no-dhcp-interface=$EXTERNAL_DEVICE/' /etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTERNAL_DEVICE -j MASQUERADE
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTERNAL_DEVICE -j MASQUERADE
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip addr add 10.20.0.1/24 dev $INTERNAL_DEVICE
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip addr add fd21:30c2:dd2f::1/64 dev $INTERNAL_DEVICE
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/systemctl restart dnsmasq
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/ip addr del 10.20.0.1/24 dev $INTERNAL_DEVICE
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/ip addr del fd21:30c2:dd2f::1/64 dev $INTERNAL_DEVICE
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o $EXTERNAL_DEVICE -i $INTERNAL_DEVICE -j MASQUERADE
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/ip6tables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o $EXTERNAL_DEVICE -i $INTERNAL_DEVICE -j MASQUERADE
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/sed -ie 's!^conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq\.conf\.dhcp!#conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.conf.dhcp!' /etc/dnsmasq.conf
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ExecStop=/usr/bin/systemctl restart dnsmasq
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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